Sampling Methods for Eurasian Watermilfoil on the Chippewa Flowage

Eurasian Watermilfoil Survey Guide

Eurasian Watermilfoil Data Sheet

Plants will be sampled using the point intercept method (Madsen, 1999; Havens, et al. 2002), which estimates plant cover, but does not quantify plant density or biomass.  The Chippewa Flowage will be mapped by using a GIS and then overlaid with a grid of points (spaced 100 meters apart) to be surveyed.  Points from the grid will be located in the field with a GPS unit with 5-10 meter accuracy.  At each point; water depth will be recorded, a two-sided macrophyte rake will be tossed in two times to collect plant samples, and substrate type will be recorded.  Water transparency will be recorded using a secchi disk at locations determined by research team.

After locating the site (using the GPS unit) anchor the boat securely at the front.  Immediately read and record the UTM coordinates and accuracy of the site.  The following information on the Eurasian Watermilfoil Data Sheet will be filled in at this time: Initials of Surveyors, Date, an Time and any other information that would be useful in the Notes box.  Water depth will then be recorded using the calibrated rake off the starboard or right side of boat.   Record the water depth (in feet) in the Water Depth box.  Before removing the rake from the water “feel” the substrate with the rake head to determine whether the substrate is muck, peat, sand, gravel, or cobble/rubble.  Record this in the Substrate: box.

Next, (on the right side of the boat) extend the rake so that the rake head is roughly 3.0 feet from the gunwale of the boat and is on the bottom.  The rake will be pulled toward the boat until the head of the rake is resting on the bottom and the handle is roughly perpendicular to the waters surface.  The rake head should travel approximately 2.5 feet along the substrate.  The rake will then be pulled to the surface and into the boat.  Once in the boat use appendix one (Abundance Rating Guide) to take an overall aquatic plant abundance rating (Overall Abundance) and an eurasian watermilfoil abundance rating (EWM Abundance). 

Plant samples on the rake will be identified and recorded in letter code under the Species Present boxes.  and take a voucher sample. If the plant is a native plant or a plant fragment with to few structures to be identified release it back into the water.  If there is any question as to the identification of the plant, mark it using the unknown letter code (UNKN) and take a voucher sample for identification by an aquatic plant expert.  When taking a voucher sample first fill in the unknown letter code in the Species Information boxes.  Second, write down the Voucher # under the Voucher # column. (Voucher #’s go in order; 1,2,3,4…14,15,16…).  Next, take the plant and insert it into a moist Ziploc bag.  On the Ziploc bag write the Date, Voucher #, Initials of Surveyor, and the Intercept #.  Write the same information in the Plant Voucher Record Book (A write-in-the-rain field notebook).  All exotic species not vouchered will be put into a  bucket to be composted on shore later.   

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